What type of Artificial Intelligence is designed for specific, narrowly defined tasks?

The type of Artificial Intelligence that is designed for specific, narrowly defined tasks is known as Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI). This form of AI is characterized by its ability to perform a single task or a limited range of tasks very effectively, but it does not possess the general cognitive abilities that a human does. ANI systems can include applications such as voice assistants, recommendation systems, and image recognition software, which are optimized for their specific functions but cannot operate beyond those defined parameters.

In contrast, Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) refers to a theoretical form of AI that possesses the ability to understand, learn, and apply intelligence across a wide range of tasks, similar to that of a human being. Artificial Superintelligence (ASI) is a concept that goes beyond both AGI and ANI, referring to an intelligence that surpasses human intelligence in all aspects. Machine Learning, on the other hand, is a subset of AI focused on algorithms and statistical models that enable machines to improve their performance on tasks through experience and data, rather than being explicitly programmed for specific tasks. While Machine Learning can be used in the development of ANI, it itself is not a type of AI, but rather a method that can support the creation of various AI systems.